{"id":337,"date":"2026-05-25T03:40:33","date_gmt":"2026-05-25T03:40:33","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/asianewscast.com\/2026\/05\/25\/what-is-tuanbo-virtual-gifts-fandom-and-fierce-competition-power-chinas-group-livestreaming-boom-2\/"},"modified":"2026-05-25T03:40:33","modified_gmt":"2026-05-25T03:40:33","slug":"what-is-tuanbo-virtual-gifts-fandom-and-fierce-competition-power-chinas-group-livestreaming-boom-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.asianewscast.com\/?p=337","title":{"rendered":"What is tuanbo? Virtual gifts, fandom and fierce competition power China\u2019s group livestreaming boom"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"content\">\n<div class=\"layout layout--onecol\">\n<div class=\"layout__region layout__region--content\">\n<section data-title=\"Leaderboard  01 Article\" class=\"block block-ad-entity block-ad-displayleaderboard-01-article clearfix\">\n<div class=\"block-title\">Advertisement<\/div>\n<div id=\"ad-entity-AOXkxdNz4L8\" class=\"ad-entity-container not-initialized\" data-ad-entity=\"lb01_mobile\" data-ad-entity-type=\"Adobe_Ad_Entity\" data-ad-entity-view=\"mc_adobe_advertisement_provider_default\" data-ad-entity-variant=\"[&quot;small&quot;]\" data-ad-entity-targeting=\"{&quot;entitytype&quot;:&quot;node\/article&quot;,&quot;entitylabel&quot;:&quot;What is tuanbo? Virtual gifts, fandom and fierce competition power China\u2019s group livestreaming boom&quot;,&quot;entityuuid&quot;:&quot;c9fa4294-fdf1-4a84-9b8b-85068ee0a3a2&quot;}\">\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"ad-entity-IN3XMEGCnsQ\" class=\"ad-entity-container not-initialized\" data-ad-entity=\"lb01_tablet\" data-ad-entity-type=\"Adobe_Ad_Entity\" data-ad-entity-view=\"mc_adobe_advertisement_provider_default\" data-ad-entity-variant=\"[&quot;medium&quot;,&quot;mobile-ios&quot;]\" data-ad-entity-targeting=\"{&quot;entitytype&quot;:&quot;node\/article&quot;,&quot;entitylabel&quot;:&quot;What is tuanbo? 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Virtual gifts, fandom and fierce competition power China\u2019s group livestreaming boom&quot;,&quot;entityuuid&quot;:&quot;c9fa4294-fdf1-4a84-9b8b-85068ee0a3a2&quot;}\">\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"ad-entity-O-ZRqPomq40\" class=\"ad-entity-container not-initialized\" data-ad-entity=\"lb01_tablet_ios\" data-ad-entity-type=\"Adobe_Ad_Entity\" data-ad-entity-view=\"mc_adobe_advertisement_provider_default\" data-ad-entity-variant=\"[&quot;tablet-ios&quot;]\" data-ad-entity-targeting=\"{&quot;entitytype&quot;:&quot;node\/article&quot;,&quot;entitylabel&quot;:&quot;What is tuanbo? Virtual gifts, fandom and fierce competition power China\u2019s group livestreaming boom&quot;,&quot;entityuuid&quot;:&quot;c9fa4294-fdf1-4a84-9b8b-85068ee0a3a2&quot;}\">\n<\/div>\n<\/section><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"layout layout--onecol\">\n<div class=\"layout__region layout__region--content\">\n<section data-title=\"Content Details\" class=\"block block-mc-content-detail block-content-details clearfix article-detail-title-block\">\n<div data-title=\"Content Details\" class=\"content-detail block block-mc-content-detail block-content-details clearfix article-detail-title-block\">\n<p class=\"content-detail__category\">\n<a class=\"link\" href=\"\/east-asia\"><br \/>\n      East Asia<br \/>\n  <\/a>\n    <\/p>\n<h1 class=\"h1 h1--page-title\">\n      What is tuanbo? Virtual gifts, fandom and fierce competition power China\u2019s group livestreaming boom<br \/>\n  <\/h1>\n<div class=\"content-detail__description\">\n<p>Group livestreaming, or tuanbo, is one of the fastest-growing online entertainment industries in China. But behind the scenes, young performers are navigating a cutthroat world of rankings and algorithms to stay visible and relevant.<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/section><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"layout layout--twocol-section layout--twocol-section--75-25\">\n<div class=\"layout__region layout__region--first\">\n<section data-title=\"Hero Emphasis\" class=\"block detail-hero-media block-mc-hero-emphasis block-hero-emphasis clearfix\">\n<figure data-title=\"Hero Emphasis\" class=\"figure block detail-hero-media block-mc-hero-emphasis block-hero-emphasis clearfix\" data-img-id=\"\">\n<p>      <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"image\" src=\"https:\/\/dam.mediacorp.sg\/image\/upload\/s--vIoCnyNC--\/c_crop,h_900,w_1600,x_0,y_91\/c_fill,g_auto,h_468,w_830\/fl_relative,g_south_east,l_mediacorp:cna:watermark:2021-08:cna,w_0.1\/f_auto,q_auto\/v1\/mediacorp\/cna\/image\/2026\/05\/07\/lan_livestream_tuanbo_-19.jpg?itok=C2z2lfOj\" alt=\"What is tuanbo? Virtual gifts, fandom and fierce competition power China\u2019s group livestreaming boom\" title=\"What is tuanbo? Virtual gifts, fandom and fierce competition power China\u2019s group livestreaming boom\"><figcaption class=\"figure__caption\">\n<p>A H131 sub-unit performs a dance routine in front of a two-camera set-up in a sound stage in Shenzhen, China on Apr 30, 2026. Each live streaming session typically lasts between three and four hours. (Photo: CNA\/Lan Yu)<\/p>\n<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/section>\n<section data-title=\"Text to speech\" class=\"block block-layout-builder block-field-blocknodearticlefield-text-to-speech clearfix\">\n<div>\n<div class=\"mc-text-to-speech-wrapper\">\n<div class=\"new-feature-wizard\">\n    <span class=\"new-feature-wizard__text\"><br \/>\n        New: You can now listen to articles.<br \/>\n        <span class=\"new-feature-wizard__close\"><\/p>\n<p>      <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"image\" src=\"https:\/\/www.channelnewsasia.com\/profiles\/custom\/mediacorp\/themes\/mc_core_theme\/images\/close.svg\"><\/p>\n<p>        <\/span><br \/>\n    <\/span>\n<\/div>\n<p class=\"text-to-speech-caption\">\n       This audio is generated by an AI tool.\n    <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section><\/div>\n<div class=\"layout__region layout__region--second\">\n<section data-title=\"Byline\" class=\"block block-layout-builder block-field-blocknodearticlefield-author clearfix\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<div class=\"author-card author-card--author-info-block\">\n<div class=\"author-card__figure\">\n            <a href=\"\/author\/melody-chan\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/dam.mediacorp.sg\/image\/upload\/s--Vsjt_QGO--\/c_crop,h_1000,w_1000,x_0,y_136\/c_fill,g_faces:auto,h_140,w_140\/f_auto,q_auto\/v1\/mediacorp\/cna\/image\/2024\/10\/01\/melody_chan_-_smile.jpg?itok=ADD0HIQi\"><br \/>\n<\/a>\n                  <\/div>\n<div class=\"author-card__content\">\n<div class=\"author-card__body\">\n<div class=\"author-card__author-name\">\n<h6 class=\"h6 h6--author-name\">\n<a class=\"h6__link\" href=\"\/author\/melody-chan\"><br \/>\n      Melody Chan<br \/>\n  <\/a><br \/>\n  <\/h6>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/section>\n<section data-title=\"Content share and bookmark\" class=\"block block-mc-content-share-bookmark block-content-share-bookmark clearfix\">\n<div data-title=\"Content share and bookmark\" class=\"mobile_author_card block block-mc-content-share-bookmark block-content-share-bookmark clearfix\">\n<div class=\"mobile_author_card__image-wrapper\">\n<div class=\"mobile_author_card__image mobile_author_card__image--\">\n<a class=\"link\" href=\"\/author\/melody-chan\"><\/p>\n<p>      <img decoding=\"async\" class=\"image\" src=\"https:\/\/dam.mediacorp.sg\/image\/upload\/s--ZafsmN5b--\/c_fill,g_auto,h_100,w_100\/f_auto,q_auto\/v1\/mediacorp\/cna\/image\/2024\/10\/01\/melody_chan_-_smile.jpg?h=5f9b25ae&amp;itok=sxBPIfC1\" alt=\"Melody Chan\" title=\"Melody Chan\"><\/p>\n<p>                <\/a>\n        <\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"mobile_author_card__name\">\n<a class=\"link link--author-profile\" href=\"\/author\/melody-chan\"><br \/>\n      Melody Chan<br \/>\n  <\/a>\n      <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"article-publish article-publish--\">\n        24 May 2026 06:00AM<br \/>\n                        <span>(Updated: 24 May 2026 08:15AM)<\/span>\n            <\/div>\n<div class=\"js-popup-content with-authors\">\n<div class=\"bookmark-share\">\n<div class=\"bookmark-share-icon\">\n<a class=\"link bookmark-link\" data-uuid=\"c9fa4294-fdf1-4a84-9b8b-85068ee0a3a2\" data-nid=\"6131516\" href=\";\"><\/p>\n<p>  <span class=\"link__text visually-hidden\"><br \/>\n    Bookmark<br \/>\n  <\/span><br \/>\n  <\/a><br \/>\n<a class=\"link bookmark-link-anonymous hidden\" href=\"\/profile\/sso\/login?redirect_url=\/east-asia\/china-tuanbo-group-livestreaming-youth-job-market-6131516&amp;bookmark=c9fa4294-fdf1-4a84-9b8b-85068ee0a3a2\"><\/p>\n<p>  <span class=\"link__text visually-hidden\"><br \/>\n    Bookmark<br \/>\n  <\/span><br \/>\n  <\/a><br \/>\n<a class=\"link trigger-popup trigger-popup--share\" data-link_absolute=\"https:\/\/www.channelnewsasia.com\/east-asia\/china-tuanbo-group-livestreaming-youth-job-market-6131516?cid=internal_sharetool_web_25052026_cna\" data-category=\"East Asia\" data-category_url=\"\/east-asia\" data-heading=\"What is tuanbo? Virtual gifts, fandom and fierce competition power China\u2019s group livestreaming boom\" data-link=\"\/east-asia\/china-tuanbo-group-livestreaming-youth-job-market-6131516\" href=\";\"><\/p>\n<p>  <span class=\"link__text visually-hidden\"><br \/>\n    Share<br \/>\n  <\/span><br \/>\n  <\/a>\n  <\/div>\n<div class=\"a2a-share-link a2a_kit\" data-a2a-url=\"https:\/\/www.channelnewsasia.com\/east-asia\/china-tuanbo-group-livestreaming-youth-job-market-6131516?cid=internal_sharetool_web_25052026_cna\" data-a2a-title=\"What is tuanbo? Virtual gifts, fandom and fierce competition power China\u2019s group livestreaming boom\">\n<a class=\"link a2a_button_whatsapp\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" href=\"\/#whatsapp\"><\/p>\n<p>      <span class=\"link__text a2a_label\"><br \/>\n        WhatsApp<br \/>\n      <\/span><br \/>\n  <\/a><br \/>\n<a class=\"link a2a_button_telegram\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" href=\"\/#telegram\"><\/p>\n<p>      <span class=\"link__text a2a_label\"><br \/>\n        Telegram<br \/>\n      <\/span><br \/>\n  <\/a><br \/>\n<a class=\"link a2a_button_facebook\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" href=\"\/#facebook\"><\/p>\n<p>      <span class=\"link__text a2a_label\"><br \/>\n        Facebook<br \/>\n      <\/span><br \/>\n  <\/a><br \/>\n<a class=\"link a2a_button_twitter\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" href=\"\/#twitter\"><\/p>\n<p>      <span class=\"link__text a2a_label\"><br \/>\n        Twitter<br \/>\n      <\/span><br \/>\n  <\/a><br \/>\n<a class=\"link a2a_button_email\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" href=\"\/#email\"><\/p>\n<p>      <span class=\"link__text a2a_label\"><br \/>\n        Email<br \/>\n      <\/span><br \/>\n  <\/a><br \/>\n<a class=\"link a2a_button_linkedin\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" href=\"\/#linkedin\"><\/p>\n<p>      <span class=\"link__text a2a_label\"><br \/>\n        LinkedIn<br \/>\n      <\/span><br \/>\n  <\/a>\n  <\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"google-preferred__button-wrapper hidden\">\n<button class=\"button button--google-preferred\" aria-label=\"button\"><\/p>\n<p>  <span class=\"link__text\">Set CNA as your preferred source on Google<\/span><br \/>\n  <\/button><\/p>\n<div class=\"google-preferred__information-wrapper\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"google-preferred__tooltip-wrapper hidden\">\n<div class=\"google-preferred__tooltip-body\">\n      Add CNA as a trusted source to help Google better understand and surface our content in search results.\n    <\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"views-element-container\">\n<div class=\"js-view-dom-id-5d68a13a6bb13f234a76f2bd56e6ea59fd9bc178fbc2eac74eb7f35fb877837e\">\n<div class=\"sponsors\">\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"layout layout--twocol-section layout--twocol-section--75-25\">\n<div class=\"layout__region layout__region--first\">\n<section data-title=\"Mediacorp Fast Button\" class=\"block block-mc-shorts block-mc-fast-button clearfix\">\n<section class=\"block block- clearfix\">\n<div class=\"mc-fast-button hidden block block- clearfix\">\n<div class=\"mc-fast-button__body\">\n<div class=\"mc-fast-button__text\">\n                    Read a summary of this article on FAST.\n                <\/div>\n<div class=\"mc-fast-button__button-wrapper\">\n<div class=\"fast-button__wrapper hidden\">\n<div class=\"fast-button__tooltip-fast-home-button\">\n<div class=\"fast-tooltip hidden\">\n<div class=\"fast-tooltip__body\">\n<div class=\"fast-tooltip__label\">\n              <span><br \/>\n           Get bite-sized news via a new<br \/>cards interface. Give it a try.<br \/>\n        <\/span>\n    <\/div>\n<div class=\"fast-tooltip__close-button\" role=\"button\"><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"fast-button__tooltip-fast-back-button\">\n<div class=\"fast-tooltip hidden\">\n<div class=\"fast-tooltip__body\">\n<div class=\"fast-tooltip__label\">\n              <span class=\"fast-tooltip__non-touch\"> Click here to return to FAST <\/span><br \/>\n        <span class=\"fast-tooltip__touch\"> Tap here to return to FAST <\/span>\n    <\/div>\n<div class=\"fast-tooltip__close-button\" role=\"button\"><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p>    <a title=\"FAST\" href=\"https:\/\/www.channelnewsasia.com\/fast\/6131516\" class=\"fast-button\"><br \/>\n               FAST <\/p>\n<p>    <\/a>\n  <\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<section data-title=\"Content\" class=\"block block-layout-builder block-field-blocknodearticlefield-content clearfix\">\n<div>\n<div class=\"content-wrapper\">\n<div class=\"text\">\n<div class=\"text-long\">\n<p>SHENZHEN: K-pop-style makeup. Fiery red backdrops. Giant LED posters featuring young performers &#8211; with polished smiles and carefully edited faces.<\/p>\n<p>They are part of China\u2019s booming tuanbo &#8211; or group livestreaming &#8211; industry, where young entertainers compete for eyeballs in a market projected to jump from 15 billion yuan (US$2.2 billion) last year to 40 billion yuan this year, according to industry estimates.<\/p>\n<p>\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"content-wrapper\">\n<div class=\"social-media\">\n<div>\n<article>\n<div>\n<div class=\"video-embed-field-provider-youtube video-embed-field-responsive-video\">\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/article>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"content-wrapper\">\n<div class=\"text\">\n<div class=\"text-long\">\n<p>Unlike typical solo livestreams, tuanbo features groups of performers dancing, singing and interacting with fans in an idol-style format built around rankings, team battles and virtual gifting.\u00a0<\/p>\n<div class=\"in-article-games trimmed-content\">\n<div class=\"game-list-header\">CNA Games<\/div>\n<div class=\"game-list\">\n              <a class=\"game-tile\" href=\"https:\/\/www.channelnewsasia.com\/games\/guess-word\"><\/p>\n<div class=\"game-img\">\n            <img decoding=\"async\" title=\"Guess Word\" src=\"https:\/\/dam.mediacorp.sg\/image\/upload\/s--9rksCQgs--\/c_fill,g_auto,h_100,w_100\/f_auto,q_auto\/v1\/mediacorp\/cna\/image\/2025\/12\/03\/game_icon_-_wordrow_-_light_mode.png?itok=y_y6Lkrj\" alt=\"Guess Word\">\n          <\/div>\n<div class=\"game-desc\">\n<div class=\"game-title\">Guess Word<\/div>\n<div class=\"game-abt\">Crack the word, one row at a time<\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p>        <\/a><br \/>\n              <a class=\"game-tile\" href=\"https:\/\/www.channelnewsasia.com\/games\/buzzword\"><\/p>\n<div class=\"game-img\">\n            <img decoding=\"async\" title=\"Buzzword\" src=\"https:\/\/dam.mediacorp.sg\/image\/upload\/s--rNELTwDG--\/c_fill,g_auto,h_100,w_100\/f_auto,q_auto\/v1\/mediacorp\/cna\/image\/2025\/12\/03\/game_icon_-_buzzword_-_light_mode.png?itok=gjNCaVEc\" alt=\"Buzzword\">\n          <\/div>\n<div class=\"game-desc\">\n<div class=\"game-title\">Buzzword<\/div>\n<div class=\"game-abt\">Create words using the given letters<\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p>        <\/a><br \/>\n              <a class=\"game-tile\" href=\"https:\/\/www.channelnewsasia.com\/games\/mini-sudoku\"><\/p>\n<div class=\"game-img\">\n            <img decoding=\"async\" title=\"Mini Sudoku\" src=\"https:\/\/dam.mediacorp.sg\/image\/upload\/s--cDNZgbXf--\/c_fill,g_auto,h_100,w_100\/f_auto,q_auto\/v1\/mediacorp\/cna\/image\/2025\/12\/03\/game_icon_-_mini_sudoku_-_light_mode.png?itok=XJMtZA-S\" alt=\"Mini Sudoku\">\n          <\/div>\n<div class=\"game-desc\">\n<div class=\"game-title\">Mini Sudoku<\/div>\n<div class=\"game-abt\">Tiny puzzle, mighty brain teaser<\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p>        <\/a><br \/>\n              <a class=\"game-tile\" href=\"https:\/\/www.channelnewsasia.com\/games\/mini-crossword\"><\/p>\n<div class=\"game-img\">\n            <img decoding=\"async\" title=\"Mini Crossword\" src=\"https:\/\/dam.mediacorp.sg\/image\/upload\/s--vQydxQJa--\/c_fill,g_auto,h_100,w_100\/f_auto,q_auto\/v1\/mediacorp\/cna\/image\/2025\/12\/03\/game_icon_-_mini_crossword_-_light_mode.png?itok=xnGbWUBS\" alt=\"Mini Crossword\">\n          <\/div>\n<div class=\"game-desc\">\n<div class=\"game-title\">Mini Crossword<\/div>\n<div class=\"game-abt\">Small grid, big challenge<\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p>        <\/a><br \/>\n              <a class=\"game-tile\" href=\"https:\/\/www.channelnewsasia.com\/games\/word-search\"><\/p>\n<div class=\"game-img\">\n            <img decoding=\"async\" title=\"Word Search\" src=\"https:\/\/dam.mediacorp.sg\/image\/upload\/s--lVhq9IJO--\/c_fill,g_auto,h_100,w_100\/f_auto,q_auto\/v1\/mediacorp\/cna\/image\/2025\/12\/03\/game_icon_-_word_search_-_light_mode.png?itok=J7DBf8e2\" alt=\"Word Search\">\n          <\/div>\n<div class=\"game-desc\">\n<div class=\"game-title\">Word Search<\/div>\n<div class=\"game-abt\">Spot as many words as you can<\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p>        <\/a>\n          <\/div>\n<div class=\"in-article-games__full-story-wrapper\">\n<div class=\"in-article-games__full-story-button-wrapper\">\n<a class=\"in-article-games__full-story-button\" href=\";\"><br \/>\n      Show More<br \/>\n  <\/a>\n      <\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"in-article-games__full-story-button-wrapper\">\n<a class=\"in-article-games__full-story-less-button\" href=\";\"><br \/>\n      Show Less<br \/>\n  <\/a>\n    <\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<p>Its appeal lies in the highly interactive and immersive experience that keeps viewers emotionally invested for hours.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"content-wrapper\">\n<section class=\"block block- block--view-mode-default clearfix\">\n<figure class=\"figure block block- block--view-mode-default clearfix\" data-img-id=\"\">\n            <img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/dam.mediacorp.sg\/image\/upload\/s--DktwY7mV--\/c_fill,g_auto,h_468,w_830\/f_auto,q_auto\/v1\/mediacorp\/cna\/image\/2026\/05\/07\/lan_livestream_tuanbo_-11.jpg?itok=nQnzshOy\" alt=\"\"><figcaption class=\"figure__caption\">\n      A leaderboard of April\u2019s top performers displayed in the lobby of Zhong Xing Hui\u2019s studio facility in Shenzhen\u2019s Longgang district on Apr 30, 2026. Incentives are awarded to those who rank highly. (Photo: CNA\/Lan Yu)<br \/>\n    <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"content-wrapper\">\n<div class=\"text\">\n<div class=\"text-long\">\n<p>Inside Zhongxinghui Culture Media\u2019s headquarters in Shenzhen, another livestream is about to begin.<\/p>\n<p>Dressed in brightly coloured coordinated outfits, performers dance through choreographed routines beneath flashing lights as viewers flood the screen with comments and animated virtual gifts in real time.<\/p>\n<p>Giant digital boards track and rank top performers throughout the day, updating constantly based on livestream traffic, fan engagement and virtual gifts.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"content-wrapper\">\n<section class=\"block block- block--view-mode-default clearfix\">\n<figure class=\"figure block block- block--view-mode-default clearfix\" data-img-id=\"\">\n            <img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/dam.mediacorp.sg\/image\/upload\/s--FVzn3wB5--\/c_crop,h_818,w_1454,x_145,y_64\/c_fill,g_auto,h_468,w_830\/fl_relative,g_south_east,l_mediacorp:cna:watermark:2021-08:cna,w_0.1\/f_auto,q_auto\/v1\/mediacorp\/cna\/image\/2026\/05\/07\/lan_livestream_tuanbo_-20.jpg?itok=QehLdWXy\" alt=\"\"><figcaption class=\"figure__caption\">\n      A host monitors the chat and provides commentary to hype the performance, as comments and virtual gifts stream across the LED screen during a live broadcast in Shenzhen, China on Apr 30, 2026. (Photo: CNA\/Lan Yu)<br \/>\n    <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"content-wrapper\">\n<div class=\"text\">\n<div class=\"text-long\">\n<p>The 15,000 square metre office, the largest of the company\u2019s three livestreaming bases across Shenzhen, houses multiple studios which operate around the clock.<\/p>\n<p>The company, which previously focused on traditional video production and product livestreaming during the pandemic, was among the first in China to break into group livestreaming, founder Hou Shuojun told CNA.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cIn the past, audiences only watched celebrities from afar. Now they want participation and interaction,\u201d Hou said.\u00a0<\/p>\n<h2>CHINA\u2019S NEW \u201cTUANBO\u201d WORKFORCE\u00a0<\/h2>\n<p>Though relatively new compared to other forms of livestreaming like gaming broadcasts and commercial shopping streams, tuanbo has rapidly grown into a massive industry in China.<\/p>\n<p>Last year, more than 8,000 group livestream rooms went live daily nationwide, according to a report by the China Association of Performing Arts.<\/p>\n<p>Part performance, part fan economy, tuanbo sessions often feature groups of hosts and entertainers dancing, singing and interacting live with viewers on Chinese social platforms like Douyin and Kuaishou.<\/p>\n<p>Sessions can range from 30 minutes to an hour, as audiences compete to send them virtual gifts that boost performers\u2019 rankings, visibility and earnings.\u00a0<br \/>\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"content-wrapper\">\n<div class=\"referenced-card\">\n<h4 class=\"h4 h4--related-block\">\n<div>Related:<\/div>\n<\/h4>\n<div>\n<div>\n<div class=\"media-object\">\n<div class=\"media-object__figure\">\n  <a class=\"link\" href=\"\/east-asia\/china-livestreamers-profession-regulation-support-jobs-employment-4401776\"><br \/>\n            <img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/dam.mediacorp.sg\/image\/upload\/s--OSeQoFlp--\/c_crop,h_2033,w_3614,x_1,y_73\/c_fill,g_auto,h_98,w_175\/f_auto,q_auto\/v1\/mediacorp\/cna\/image\/2024\/06\/11\/b2a977201d3e092ceab68c9b0ca8df65.jpg?itok=yxy8Aikz\"><br \/>\n                <\/a>\n    <\/div>\n<div class=\"media-object__content\">\n<div class=\"media-object__body\">\n<div class=\"list-object\">\n<h6 class=\"h6 list-object__heading\">\n<a class=\"h6__link list-object__heading-link\" href=\"\/east-asia\/china-livestreamers-profession-regulation-support-jobs-employment-4401776\"><br \/>\n      <span>Livestreamers in China welcome move to formally recognise their profession; experts expect stricter tax enforcement<\/span><br \/>\n  <\/a><br \/>\n  <\/h6>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div class=\"media-object\">\n<div class=\"media-object__figure\">\n  <a class=\"link\" href=\"\/east-asia\/china-pk-livestreaming-violence-craze-crackdowns-6129771\"><br \/>\n            <img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/dam.mediacorp.sg\/image\/upload\/s--JWx1jfWX--\/c_fill,g_auto,h_98,w_175\/f_auto,q_auto\/v1\/mediacorp\/cna\/image\/2026\/05\/19\/pk_livestreams_new.jpg?itok=Uw1wNXbX\" alt=\"\"><br \/>\n                <\/a>\n    <\/div>\n<div class=\"media-object__content\">\n<div class=\"media-object__body\">\n<div class=\"list-object\">\n<h6 class=\"h6 list-object__heading\">\n<a class=\"h6__link list-object__heading-link\" href=\"\/east-asia\/china-pk-livestreaming-violence-craze-crackdowns-6129771\"><br \/>\n      <span>Pain for clicks: Inside China\u2019s violent \u2018PK livestreaming\u2019 craze despite crackdowns<\/span><br \/>\n  <\/a><br \/>\n  <\/h6>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"content-wrapper\">\n<div class=\"text\">\n<div class=\"text-long\">\n<p>Xu Deya, an associate professor at East China Normal University\u2019s (ECNU) School of Communication in Shanghai, described tuanbo as an extension of Chinese talent and idol survival shows &#8211; hugely popular before authorities banned them in 2021 &#8211; and its booming livestreaming economy.<\/p>\n<p>But it is more than just a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.channelnewsasia.com\/east-asia\/china-pk-livestreaming-violence-craze-crackdowns-6129771\">trend<\/a>, Xu said.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cA lot of people entering the business originally wanted to debut through those kinds of programmes,\u201d she added.<\/p>\n<p>Industry experts said performers can earn anywhere between a few thousand yuan to over 100,000 yuan a month.<\/p>\n<p>Virtual gifts on platforms like Douyin can cost thousands of yuan. \u201cCarnival\u201d gifts &#8211; one of the most popular forms on Douyin &#8211; can start from 30,000 diamonds, or roughly 3,000 yuan.<\/p>\n<h2>THE APPEAL OF BEING SEEN\u00a0<\/h2>\n<p>China\u2019s youth unemployment rate for 16 to 24-year-olds stood at 16.9 per cent in March 2026, with roughly one in six young jobseekers out of work as a record 12.7 million graduates prepare to enter an increasingly crowded labour market this year.<\/p>\n<p>New forms of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.channelnewsasia.com\/east-asia\/china-gig-stations-migrant-workers-labour-market-flexible-employment-6052576\">platform-based gig work<\/a> have become increasingly attractive among young Chinese job seekers &#8211; from ride-hailing drivers to freelance creatives.<\/p>\n<p>Around 15 million people worked primarily as livestreamers in 2025, the China Association of Performing Arts said in a report.\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"content-wrapper\">\n<section class=\"block block- block--view-mode-default clearfix\">\n<figure class=\"figure block block- block--view-mode-default clearfix\" data-img-id=\"\">\n            <img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/dam.mediacorp.sg\/image\/upload\/s---fTWrHkw--\/c_crop,h_900,w_1600,x_0,y_36\/c_fill,g_auto,h_468,w_830\/fl_relative,g_south_east,l_mediacorp:cna:watermark:2021-08:cna,w_0.1\/f_auto,q_auto\/v1\/mediacorp\/cna\/image\/2026\/05\/07\/lan_livestream_tuanbo_-25_0.jpg?itok=P7K1KWkE\" alt=\"\"><figcaption class=\"figure__caption\">\n      Silhouettes of performers taking position before a dance set during a live broadcast in Shenzhen, China on Apr 30, 2026. (Photo: CNA\/Lan Yu)<br \/>\n    <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"content-wrapper\">\n<div class=\"text\">\n<div class=\"text-long\">\n<p>Zhang Chenggang, an associate professor at the Capital University of Economics and Business in Beijing, said tuanbo reflects the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.channelnewsasia.com\/east-asia\/china-gig-economy-flexible-jobs-employment-6043051\">rise of flexible forms of employment<\/a> in China.<\/p>\n<p>Unlike many traditional careers, it does not necessarily require formal qualifications or exams to enter &#8211; just a camera and the ability to attract views and engagement.<\/p>\n<p>But earnings are heavily shaped by platform rankings, traffic and viewer engagement, Zhang said, creating the impression of \u201clow barriers and high rewards\u201d even though only a small minority ultimately achieve stable long-term incomes.<\/p>\n<p>For many newcomers, the appeal lies in the glamour and visibility surrounding the industry &#8211; but behind the viral clips and polished performances, livestreamers describe long hours, unstable incomes and relentless pressure to stay relevant online.<\/p>\n<p>Industry operators also said only one in 10 remain in the business long term.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"content-wrapper\">\n<section class=\"block block- block--view-mode-default clearfix\">\n<figure class=\"figure block block- block--view-mode-default clearfix\" data-img-id=\"\">\n            <img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/dam.mediacorp.sg\/image\/upload\/s--xrRO7v7C--\/c_crop,h_900,w_1600,x_0,y_44\/c_fill,g_auto,h_468,w_830\/fl_relative,g_south_east,l_mediacorp:cna:watermark:2021-08:cna,w_0.1\/f_auto,q_auto\/v1\/mediacorp\/cna\/image\/2026\/05\/07\/lan_livestream_tuanbo_-24.jpg?itok=Zzu2yXiN\" alt=\"\"><figcaption class=\"figure__caption\">\n      A view from behind the control station in a sound stage during a live broadcast in Shenzhen, China on Apr 30, 2026. (Photo: CNA\/Lan Yu)<br \/>\n    <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"content-wrapper\">\n<div class=\"text\">\n<div class=\"text-long\">\n<p>Chen Xiaofeng, better known by his stage name Kaqimiao, never planned to enter the livestreaming business.<\/p>\n<p>The 29-year-old had previously worked as a print model before pandemic disruptions pushed him to look for new opportunities.<\/p>\n<p>Like many of his peers, Chen initially assumed the job was mainly about looking good on camera.<\/p>\n<p>Little did he realise there were \u201cmany unspoken rules\u201d in the industry.<\/p>\n<p>With no dance background, he recalled training for up to 10 hours a day to keep up.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cWhen everyone only sees the glamorous side of a job, they rush in. Then the industry becomes very competitive,\u201d he told CNA.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cYou have to perform, speak well, react quickly and constantly learn new things.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u201cYour numbers could be very high today &#8211; but what about tomorrow?\u201d<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"content-wrapper\">\n<section class=\"block block- block--view-mode-default clearfix\">\n<figure class=\"figure block block- block--view-mode-default clearfix\" data-img-id=\"\">\n            <img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/dam.mediacorp.sg\/image\/upload\/s--1iAoHCXH--\/c_crop,h_898,w_1596,x_3,y_98\/c_fill,g_auto,h_468,w_830\/fl_relative,g_south_east,l_mediacorp:cna:watermark:2021-08:cna,w_0.1\/f_auto,q_auto\/v1\/mediacorp\/cna\/image\/2026\/05\/07\/lan_livestream_tuanbo_-14.jpg?itok=a_pUySnx\" alt=\"\"><figcaption class=\"figure__caption\">\n      Performers Wu Chen An (front left) and Chen Xiao Feng (centre) during a technical rehearsal ahead of their tuan bo performance in Shenzhen, China on Apr 30, 2026. (Photo: CNA\/Lan Yu)<br \/>\n    <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"content-wrapper\">\n<div class=\"text\">\n<div class=\"text-long\">\n<p>Another performer, 26-year-old Wu Chen\u2019an, once dreamed of becoming a dance teacher.<\/p>\n<p>After drifting between dance teaching and odd jobs, he left his home province of Jiangxi for Shenzhen in 2022 after coming across a recruitment advertisement online and applying \u201cby chance\u201d.<\/p>\n<p>Now better known by his online stage name An Lan, Wu spends up to 10 hours a day rehearsing choreography, livestreaming and interacting with viewers in real time.<\/p>\n<p>Performers can sometimes spend hours repeating the same movement, he said.<\/p>\n<p>Back then, Wu barely understood what livestreaming was. Adapting his street dance background to livestream choreography proved harder than expected.<\/p>\n<p>Today, however, he describes the industry as \u201cextremely competitive\u201d.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cNow everyone is fighting for the same cake,\u201d he said.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"content-wrapper\">\n<div class=\"referenced-card\">\n<h4 class=\"h4 h4--related-block\">\n<div>Related:<\/div>\n<\/h4>\n<div>\n<div>\n<div class=\"media-object\">\n<div class=\"media-object__figure\">\n  <a class=\"link\" href=\"\/east-asia\/china-gig-stations-migrant-workers-labour-market-flexible-employment-6052576\"><br \/>\n            <img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/dam.mediacorp.sg\/image\/upload\/s--GcMJpsng--\/c_crop,h_900,w_1600,x_0,y_0\/c_fill,g_auto,h_98,w_175\/fl_relative,g_south_east,l_mediacorp:cna:watermark:2021-08:cna,w_0.1\/f_auto,q_auto\/v1\/mediacorp\/cna\/image\/2026\/04\/22\/china_gig_station_xinqiao_shanghai_1.jpeg?itok=59Nz6Eet\" alt=\"\"><br \/>\n                <\/a>\n    <\/div>\n<div class=\"media-object__content\">\n<div class=\"media-object__body\">\n<div class=\"list-object\">\n<h6 class=\"h6 list-object__heading\">\n<a class=\"h6__link list-object__heading-link\" href=\"\/east-asia\/china-gig-stations-migrant-workers-labour-market-flexible-employment-6052576\"><br \/>\n      <span>They come with tools and wait to be chosen. Inside one of China\u2019s \u2018gig stations\u2019<\/span><br \/>\n  <\/a><br \/>\n  <\/h6>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div>\n<div class=\"media-object\">\n<div class=\"media-object__figure\">\n  <a class=\"link\" href=\"\/east-asia\/china-gig-economy-flexible-jobs-employment-6043051\"><br \/>\n            <img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/dam.mediacorp.sg\/image\/upload\/s--GxMvPuIQ--\/c_crop,h_1277,w_2271,x_1,y_1\/c_fill,g_auto,h_98,w_175\/f_auto,q_auto\/v1\/mediacorp\/cna\/image\/2026\/04\/10\/photo-output.jpeg?itok=dqBLMt4c\" alt=\"\"><br \/>\n                <\/a>\n    <\/div>\n<div class=\"media-object__content\">\n<div class=\"media-object__body\">\n<div class=\"list-object\">\n<h6 class=\"h6 list-object__heading\">\n<a class=\"h6__link list-object__heading-link\" href=\"\/east-asia\/china-gig-economy-flexible-jobs-employment-6043051\"><br \/>\n      <span>Beyond the \u2018iron rice bowl\u2019: Why more young Chinese are choosing flexible work<\/span><br \/>\n  <\/a><br \/>\n  <\/h6>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"content-wrapper\">\n<div class=\"text\">\n<div class=\"text-long\">\n<p>Like acting and modelling, tuanbo success is shaped not just by hard work, but by visibility, timing and luck, Wu added.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cOthers might have lots of fans supporting them while you wonder why you don\u2019t &#8211; that\u2019s something every tuanbo performer goes through.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u201cEveryone in this industry works hard,\u201d Chen said. \u201cBut not everyone has the luck of being seen.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u201cIt\u2019s three parts effort and seven parts luck.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cBut that doesn\u2019t mean you stop working hard.\u201d<\/p>\n<h2>HIGH COSTS AND RISING SCRUTINY<\/h2>\n<p>Top tuanbo performers could take roughly 70 to 80 per cent of earnings depending on the type of livestream, said Hou, founder of Zhongxinghui Culture Media &#8211; with production companies and talent agencies often covering training, production, operations and backstage support.<\/p>\n<p>A group livestream produced by a team of up to nine people can cost between 150,000 and 200,000 yuan a month to operate, including lighting fees and budgets for stylists, choreography and training.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"content-wrapper\">\n<section class=\"block block- block--view-mode-default clearfix\">\n<figure class=\"figure block block- block--view-mode-default clearfix\" data-img-id=\"\">\n            <img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/dam.mediacorp.sg\/image\/upload\/s--TdMYikxX--\/c_crop,h_887,w_1578,x_0,y_81\/c_fill,g_auto,h_468,w_830\/fl_relative,g_south_east,l_mediacorp:cna:watermark:2021-08:cna,w_0.1\/f_auto,q_auto\/v1\/mediacorp\/cna\/image\/2026\/05\/06\/lan_livestream_tuanbo_-1_1.jpg?itok=SGj5Js-A\" alt=\"\"><figcaption class=\"figure__caption\">\n      A sound stage at one of Zhong Xing Hui&#8217;s livestreaming studio facilities in Shenzhen, China on Apr 30, 2026. (Photo: CNA\/Lan Yu)<br \/>\n    <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"content-wrapper\">\n<div class=\"text\">\n<div class=\"text-long\">\n<p>Li Huijie, a former livestream operator in Shenzhen, said he invested more than 8 million yuan into three tuanbo companies over roughly a year, hiring around 20 livestreamers at its peak.<\/p>\n<p>Investors were initially drawn to the industry\u2019s ability to quickly attract viewers and monetise through virtual gifts and livestream commerce.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u201cAt first, everyone thought there were a lot of opportunities,\u201d Li said.<\/p>\n<p>But soon, high operating costs, rising competition and rapid staff turnover rates made profits harder to sustain, he added.<\/p>\n<p>Even as competition intensifies, some companies are betting that tuanbo can evolve beyond a short-lived internet trend.<\/p>\n<p>Hou said his company approaches tuanbo more like a traditional talent agency than a typical livestream operation, focusing on long-term artist development instead of chasing \u201cexplosive\u201d overnight fame.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cI don\u2019t want them (tuanbo livestreamers) making fast money overnight,\u201d he said.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cI rather they grow step by step.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"content-wrapper\">\n<section class=\"block block- block--view-mode-default clearfix\">\n<figure class=\"figure block block- block--view-mode-default clearfix\" data-img-id=\"\">\n            <img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/dam.mediacorp.sg\/image\/upload\/s--q1n16s1c--\/c_fill,g_auto,h_468,w_830\/fl_relative,g_south_east,l_mediacorp:cna:watermark:2021-08:cna,w_0.1\/f_auto,q_auto\/v1\/mediacorp\/cna\/image\/2026\/05\/07\/lan_livestream_tuanbo_-1-3_0.jpg?itok=vd6XuOen\" alt=\"\"><figcaption class=\"figure__caption\">\n      Zhong Xing Hui founder Hou Shuojun adjusts members\u2019 posture during a rehearsal in Shenzhen, China on Apr 30, 2026. The company, initially an advertising production house, pivoted to tuanbo and launched the H131 dance group in 2021. (Photo: CNA\/Lan Yu)<br \/>\n    <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"content-wrapper\">\n<div class=\"text\">\n<div class=\"text-long\">\n<p>At the same time, the industry faces growing scrutiny in China over concerns about emotional manipulation and exploitation, excessive overtime and labour law violations.<\/p>\n<p>Public scrutiny intensified further in December when a 26-year-old former tuanbo livestream performer, named in Chinese media outlets as Xiaoyu, described earning just 26 yuan after a month working at a livestream agency in Changsha.<\/p>\n<p>Livestreamers were expected not only to dance and perform but also maintain private contact with high-spending viewers, she said.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cMaintaining top supporters was more important than dancing,\u201d she added.<\/p>\n<p>Her case triggered widespread online debate and in January, the China Association of Performing Arts released guidelines for group livestreaming &#8211; calling for stronger protections against excessive working hours, exploitative talent contracts as well as coercive online tipping and gifting practices.<\/p>\n<p>Tuanbo hosts were also warned against using \u201cfabricated intimate relationships\u201d or \u201cgifting-driven ranking competitions\u201d to manipulate spending by viewers.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"content-wrapper\">\n<section class=\"block block- block--view-mode-default clearfix\">\n<figure class=\"figure block block- block--view-mode-default clearfix\" data-img-id=\"\">\n            <img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/dam.mediacorp.sg\/image\/upload\/s--XNexW8cc--\/c_crop,h_899,w_1599,x_1,y_1\/c_fill,g_auto,h_468,w_830\/f_auto,q_auto\/v1\/mediacorp\/cna\/image\/2026\/05\/22\/befunky-collage.jpg?itok=G8Th1VXt\" alt=\"\"><figcaption class=\"figure__caption\">\n      Screenshots of group livestreams on Chinese social media platform Douyin. (Images: Douyin\/\u65b0\u751f-002, HH-\u591c\u5df4\u9ece, \u6d77\u514b\u65af\u5927\u4e71\u6597)<br \/>\n    <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"content-wrapper\">\n<div class=\"text\">\n<div class=\"text-long\">\n<p>Some viewers have raised unhappiness about performers and companies that use \u201cemotional attachment to encourage more spending\u201d.<\/p>\n<p>One fan in Guangdong, who asked to be identified only by his online name Nian An, told CNA that he once spent more than 800,000 yuan within three months to support a tuanbo performer.<\/p>\n<p>While he described it as \u201ceasily accessible idol culture\u201d built around emotional interaction and constant visibility, his experience also made him uncomfortable with the way some agencies operate.<\/p>\n<p>It \u201ctests\u201d and \u201cblurs\u201d emotional boundaries, the 30-year-old sales worker said &#8211; with flirtatious interactions and constant engagement encouraged to drive spending.<\/p>\n<h2>PERFORMING FOR ALGORITHMS<\/h2>\n<p>Online attention can quickly shift and many tuanbo performers say the real pressure comes from the constant need to capture people\u2019s attention.<\/p>\n<p>Careers can be short &#8211; all too often determined and shaped by one\u2019s age, appearance, and ability to bring in viewer numbers in an increasingly crowded market, they said.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cFor many young workers, this pressure can feel even more direct than in traditional workplaces,\u201d said Zhang from Capital University of Economics and Business.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"content-wrapper\">\n<section class=\"block block- block--view-mode-default clearfix\">\n<figure class=\"figure block block- block--view-mode-default clearfix\" data-img-id=\"\">\n            <img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/dam.mediacorp.sg\/image\/upload\/s--7czMel19--\/c_fill,g_auto,h_468,w_830\/fl_relative,g_south_east,l_mediacorp:cna:watermark:2021-08:cna,w_0.1\/f_auto,q_auto\/v1\/mediacorp\/cna\/image\/2026\/05\/07\/lan_livestream_tuanbo_-1-2_1.jpg?itok=qD1H_XcD\" alt=\"\"><figcaption class=\"figure__caption\">\n      A performer edits photos of herself during her makeup session in Shenzhen, China on Apr 30, 2026. Each session typically lasts at least an hour (Photo: CNA\/Lan Yu)<br \/>\n    <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"content-wrapper\">\n<div class=\"text\">\n<div class=\"text-long\">\n<p>An Yu, 22, joined the business earlier this year after graduating from a fashion programme in Guangdong.<\/p>\n<p>The hardest part of livestreaming is not always the long hours, but the feeling of performing without being noticed, he said.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u201cPhysical exhaustion can be overcome but mentally, if you feel like nobody sees you, it can feel meaningless,\u201d he said.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cWhether people notice you also depends on luck,\u201d he said.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cIf people aren\u2019t watching, your heart gets tired.\u201d \u00a0<\/p>\n<p>\u201cIf your numbers don\u2019t go up, you\u2019ll definitely worry,\u201d said Wu, the performer from Jiangxi province, adding that one of the biggest challenges is grappling with fluctuating viewer counts.<\/p>\n<p>For many performers, the work doesn\u2019t stop just because the cameras do.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"content-wrapper\">\n<section class=\"block block- block--view-mode-default clearfix\">\n<figure class=\"figure block block- block--view-mode-default clearfix\" data-img-id=\"\">\n            <img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/dam.mediacorp.sg\/image\/upload\/s--thCvRtlh--\/c_crop,h_900,w_1600,x_0,y_129\/c_fill,g_auto,h_468,w_830\/fl_relative,g_south_east,l_mediacorp:cna:watermark:2021-08:cna,w_0.1\/f_auto,q_auto\/v1\/mediacorp\/cna\/image\/2026\/05\/07\/lan_livestream_tuanbo_-23.jpg?itok=q6xFAvOQ\" alt=\"\"><figcaption class=\"figure__caption\">\n      H131 member An Yu, who prefers to keep his real name private, takes centre position during a dance routine at one of Zhong Xing Hui&#8217;s sound stage in Shenzhen, China on Apr 30, 2026. (Photo: CNA\/Lan Yu)<br \/>\n    <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"content-wrapper\">\n<div class=\"text\">\n<div class=\"text-long\">\n<p>Many continue their work offline &#8211; making it a point to respond directly to fan comments and remember the user handles of regular viewers.<\/p>\n<p>Some even have a role in maintaining private fan groups.<\/p>\n<p>Because the closer audiences feel to a star, the more likely they are to keep watching and spending.<\/p>\n<p>\u201c(Some viewers) give you gifts so of course you have to chat with them privately too,\u201d said Wu, whose Douyin account has more than 41,000 followers.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"content-wrapper\">\n<section class=\"block block- block--view-mode-default clearfix\">\n<figure class=\"figure block block- block--view-mode-default clearfix\" data-img-id=\"\">\n            <img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/dam.mediacorp.sg\/image\/upload\/s--3I9OVfit--\/c_crop,h_900,w_1600,x_0,y_0\/c_fill,g_auto,h_468,w_830\/fl_relative,g_south_east,l_mediacorp:cna:watermark:2021-08:cna,w_0.1\/f_auto,q_auto\/v1\/mediacorp\/cna\/image\/2026\/05\/06\/lan_livestream_tuanbo_-2.jpg?itok=w4z0xUNX\" alt=\"\"><figcaption class=\"figure__caption\">\n      H131 member Wu Chen An, known by his stage name An Lan, performing a solo segment live on Douyin as he appeals to viewers for gifts and tips, in Shenzhen, China, on Apr 30, 2026. (Photo: CNA\/Lan Yu)<br \/>\n    <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/section>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"content-wrapper\">\n<div class=\"text\">\n<div class=\"text-long\">\n<p>Chen said some viewers have followed him for years.<\/p>\n<p>On Douyin, he commands more than 91,000 followers and 670,000 likes.<\/p>\n<p>Some of his regulars include children \u201cas young as four or five\u201d, Chen said &#8211; who he has met at offline events.\u00a0<\/p>\n<p>They also join some of his livestreams with their parents, he added.<\/p>\n<p>Still, success in the industry was never entirely within one\u2019s control, Chen said.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cWhy do we work hard? 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Virtual gifts, fandom and fierce competition power China\u2019s group livestreaming boom Group livestreaming, or tuanbo, is one of the fastest-growing online entertainment industries in China. But behind the scenes, young performers are navigating a cutthroat world of rankings and algorithms to stay visible and relevant. A H131 sub-unit performs [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":339,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-337","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>What is tuanbo? Virtual gifts, fandom and fierce competition power China\u2019s group livestreaming boom - Asia Newscast<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.asianewscast.com\/?p=337\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"What is tuanbo? Virtual gifts, fandom and fierce competition power China\u2019s group livestreaming boom - Asia Newscast\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Advertisement East Asia What is tuanbo? Virtual gifts, fandom and fierce competition power China\u2019s group livestreaming boom Group livestreaming, or tuanbo, is one of the fastest-growing online entertainment industries in China. But behind the scenes, young performers are navigating a cutthroat world of rankings and algorithms to stay visible and relevant. 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